| Acronym | Meaning |
| SPB | San Pawl il-Bahar (postal locality, Malta) |
| SPB | Sea Plane Base |
| SPB | Security Policy Board |
| SPB | Shanghai Price Bureau |
| SPB | Shanghai Sports Bureau |
| SPB | Ship Protected Barrier (US Navy) |
| SPB | Special Projects Branch (National Institutes of Health) |
| SPB | Special Purpose Bodies (various organizations) |
| SPB | State Parole Board (New Jersey) |
| SPB | State Personnel Board |
| SPB | State Postal Bureau (China) |
| SPB | Strategic Planning and Budget (Office) |
| SPB | Strategic Planning Board |
| SPB | Strategic Policy Branch (Health Canada) |
| SPB | Street Posting Box (Australia) |
| SPB | Summative Project Brief |
| SPB | Survivor Benefit Plan (US DoD) |